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Characterization of the Normal and Hyperplastic Thymus on Chemical-Shift MR Imaging

Koji Takahashi1, Tsutomu Inaoka, Noboru Murakami, Hatsune Hirota, Kunihiro Iwata, Kenichi Nagasawa, Tomonori Yamada, Masayuki Mineta and Tamio Aburano

1 All authors: Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical College, 2-1-1-1, Midorigaoka-higashi, Asahikawa, 0788510, Japan.



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  		Fig. 1A. —18-year-old healthy woman. In-phase (TR/TE, 120/4.2) fast multiplanar spoiled gradient-echo MR image obtained at level of tracheal bifurcation shows triangular-shaped thymus (arrows) anterior to aorta.

 


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  		Fig. 1B. —18-year-old healthy woman. Opposed-phase (120/1.8) fast multiplanar spoiled gradient-echo MR image shows homogeneous decrease in signal intensity of thymus (arrows). Chemical-shift ratio was 0.71.

 


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  		Fig. 2A. —Thymic hyperplasia in 26-year-old man with hyperthyroidism. Unenhanced CT scan shows bilobed soft-tissue mass (asterisk) in anterior mediastinum.

 


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  		Fig. 2B. —Thymic hyperplasia in 26-year-old man with hyperthyroidism. T2-weighted spin-echo MR image (TR/TE, 3100/83) obtained at level of aortic arch shows that mass is of signal intensity greater than that of muscle and less than that of fat.

 


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  		Fig. 2C. —Thymic hyperplasia in 26-year-old man with hyperthyroidism. In-phase fast multiplanar spoiled gradient-echo MR image (120/4.2) shows that mass is of signal intensity greater than that of muscle and less than that of fat.

 


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  		Fig. 2D. —Thymic hyperplasia in 26-year-old man with hyperthyroidism. Opposed-phase fast multiplanar spoiled gradient-echo MR image (120/1.8) shows that mass reveals homogeneous decrease in intensity relative to in-phase image (C). Chemical-shift ratio was 0.55. We considered soft tissue to be hyperplastic thymus.

 


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  		Fig. 3A. —Thymic involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 11-year-old girl. In this patient, who was in state of complete remission of disease after chemotherapy, enlargement of thymus was depicted on CT scans (not shown) obtained during follow-up. In-phase fast multiplanar spoiled gradient-echo MR image (TR/TE, 120/4.2) shows soft-tissue mass (asterisk) anterior to aortic arch.

 


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  		Fig. 3B. —Thymic involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 11-year-old girl. In this patient, who was in state of complete remission of disease after chemotherapy, enlargement of thymus was depicted on CT scans (not shown) obtained during follow-up. Opposed-phase fast multiplanar spoiled gradient-echo MR image (120/1.8) shows that mass (asterisk) reveals no substantial decrease in signal intensity relative to in-phase image (A). Chemical-shift ratio was 1.01. Aspiration biopsy established histologic diagnosis of thymic involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

 

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