HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Abstract Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Schertler, T. Articles by Boehm, T. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Schertler, T. Articles by Boehm, T. Social Bookmarking                      What's this?

Effects of ECG Gating and Postprocessing Techniques on 3D MDCT of the Bronchial Tree

¹ Department of Medical Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, Zurich CH-8091, Switzerland.
² Present address: Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital, Loestrasse 170, Chur CH-700, Switzerland.

View larger version (98K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1A. —Virtual bronchoscopy at level of carina in 59-year-old man based on nongated shaded surface display (A) and on nongated volume rendering (B). Shaded surface display–virtual bronchoscopy image shows carina (left) and shaded surface display model of bronchial tree (upper right). Coronal multiplanar reformation was used as navigation aid (lower right).

View larger version (87K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1B. —Virtual bronchoscopy at level of carina in 59-year-old man based on nongated shaded surface display (A) and on nongated volume rendering (B). Volume rendering–virtual bronchoscopy image shows carina (left). Coronal multiplanar reformation was used as navigation aid in trachea (right). "Navg" point shows present position. White line indicates viewing direction.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. —Shaded surface display image of bronchial tree illustrates scoring system used to compare results of acquisition and postprocessing techniques. 0 = not visualized; 1 = visualized up to right or left main bronchus; 2 = upper lobe, medial lobe, or lower lobe; 3 = lingula or segmental bronchus; 4 = fourth-generation bronchi; and 5 = fifth-generation bronchi.

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3A. —Synopsis of images reconstructed from nongated (A, C, E) and ECG-gated (B, D, F) MDCT data of 58-year-old woman with no bronchial abnormality. Images of bronchial tree obtained using shaded surface display based on nongated MDCT data (A) compared to ECG-gated data (B) reveal that subsegmental branches of right upper lobe (right square, B) are better visualized without ECG gating. In this particular case, inferior lingular segmental bronchus (left square, B) is not seen in nongated image, whereas superior lingular segmental bronchus is seen over longer distance compared to ECG-gated image. In ECG-gated image both lingular bronchi are seen.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3B. —Synopsis of images reconstructed from nongated (A, C, E) and ECG-gated (B, D, F) MDCT data of 58-year-old woman with no bronchial abnormality. Images of bronchial tree obtained using shaded surface display based on nongated MDCT data (A) compared to ECG-gated data (B) reveal that subsegmental branches of right upper lobe (right square, B) are better visualized without ECG gating. In this particular case, inferior lingular segmental bronchus (left square, B) is not seen in nongated image, whereas superior lingular segmental bronchus is seen over longer distance compared to ECG-gated image. In ECG-gated image both lingular bronchi are seen.

View larger version (161K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3C. —Synopsis of images reconstructed from nongated (A, C, E) and ECG-gated (B, D, F) MDCT data of 58-year-old woman with no bronchial abnormality. Volume-rendered images obtained using nongated data (C) show fewer artifacts in lung parenchyma (arrows, D) compared to volume rendering using ECG-gated technique (D). Stairstep artifacts of carina were more pronounced in ECG-gated series (arrowhead, D). Artifacts in lung parenchyma are located in density range between –900 and –1,000 H, which is crucial for discriminating air-filled lung from peripheral bronchi.

View larger version (166K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3D. —Synopsis of images reconstructed from nongated (A, C, E) and ECG-gated (B, D, F) MDCT data of 58-year-old woman with no bronchial abnormality. Volume-rendered images obtained using nongated data (C) show fewer artifacts in lung parenchyma (arrows, D) compared to volume rendering using ECG-gated technique (D). Stairstep artifacts of carina were more pronounced in ECG-gated series (arrowhead, D). Artifacts in lung parenchyma are located in density range between –900 and –1,000 H, which is crucial for discriminating air-filled lung from peripheral bronchi.

View larger version (140K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3E. —Synopsis of images reconstructed from nongated (A, C, E) and ECG-gated (B, D, F) MDCT data of 58-year-old woman with no bronchial pathology. Coronal multiplanar reformation images reconstructed from nongated (E) and ECG-gated (F) MDCT data show that artifacts are much better seen with volume rendering, which is specifically intended for segmentation of bronchial tree.

View larger version (133K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3F. —Synopsis of images reconstructed from nongated (A, C, E) and ECG-gated (B, D, F) MDCT data of 58-year-old woman with no bronchial pathology. Coronal multiplanar reformation images reconstructed from nongated (E) and ECG-gated (F) MDCT data show that artifacts are much better seen with volume rendering, which is specifically intended for segmentation of bronchial tree.

CiteULike

Complore

Connotea

Del.icio.us

Digg

Reddit

Technorati